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This Keele University research in multiscale object recognition has led to two key breakthroughs: (a) the automated identification of tissue boundaries in computer tomographic (CT) scans, enabling the latest radiotherapy equipment to more accurately target diseased tissue thus avoiding neighbouring healthy organs. Such improvements are essential to the successful roll-out of new more precise linear accelerators in the treatment of cancer; (b) new fractal algorithms to characterise the quality of transplanted cell growth from post-operative biopsies. By automating the selection of the healthiest cells this has assisted the generation of patient-specific cartilage and is essential for the development of a medical capability for large-scale patient-specific generation of cartilage growth for the treatment of arthritis. It has indirectly led to software improvements in cell-tracking and to achieving reliable auto-focussing in high throughput non-invasive microscopy.
Bangor University's research into inscribed stones and stone sculpture in Wales c.AD400-1150 has impacted on the Welsh Government leading to the establishment of an `At Risk List' for early medieval stone monuments to aid better protection, changes in national records and changes in heritage management policies and practices. Publications in this field have also impacted on the cultural heritage of Wales through advice on monument interpretation to encourage wider audiences and tourism development, exhibitions and engagement with the media, benefitting audiences both in Wales and globally.
Research into the biomechanics of intervertebral discs at the University of Nottingham has made a significant contribution to the development of two medical implants (Cadisc®- L and Cadisc®-C) by Ranier Technology Ltd. 226 patients (90% outside the UK) have had this treatment, which has outperformed the alternatives by 34% in measured outcomes of reducing patient disability (ODI), pain and quality of life (QALY). Consequently, Cadisc® now accounts for all of Ranier's business. The company has expanded its workforce to 35 people and has attracted external investment of £13M to perform clinical trials and manufacture the product.