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Research undertaken at Keele has made the social exclusion of older people visible to opinion- leaders and policy makers, helping to shape their perceptions of ageing. These changes in attitude have contributed to transforming provision for older people and promoting inter-generational interaction within local communities through both policy and practice, in both national and local government. The research has had a direct impact on national government policies, and has also coalesced into national campaigns to improve older people's lives. Regional impacts initially focussed on making Manchester an `age-friendly city' which has subsequently been used as a model for other local councils across the country.
Brunel's research identified the ways in which electrically powered indoor/outdoor chair (EPIOC) use improves the quality of life (QoL) of people with disabilities; key findings have been used to inform public policy, enhance professional standards and international evidenced based guidelines for professional practice and improve the health and social welfare through the empowerment of disabled person's organisations. The impacts are based on the newly gained recognition, based on the research findings, that young people need an EPIOC to provide opportunities for social inclusion, positive risk taking behaviours, successful transition into the work environment and to enable general healthy development and capacity for independent living. Older people need EPIOCs to reduce the physical and emotional stress on elderly carers. The impacts have ensured more effective policies are developed, professional practice is enhanced and more appropriate assessment and prescription services are provided for these service users.
Research into participative practice and well-being with older people has contributed directly to the development and application of an ethic of care in policy and service delivery, as well as to practices in older people's participation, locally, nationally and internationally. The research has directly impacted on practitioners and practice developments in services for older people, with learning resources (co-designed with practitioners and older people) being used in professional education and training across the UK and in New Zealand. An innovative participatory methodology has both enhanced older people's participation locally and been adopted more widely by university community research collaborators working to enhance older people's citizenship and well-being (eg in Netherlands). Research has directly informed policy concerning older people's needs assessments by recognising the centrality of relationships to well-being in older age. The well-being research involving collaboration with service users and providers has been described as `exemplary' by the leading national charity Age UK.
We have contributed, nationally and internationally, to a changing approach, content and implementation of planning policy by including the needs of our ageing society in streetscape design, to address the requirements of older people, benefitting their independence, welfare and quality of life. In the UK 23% of the population is projected to be aged over 65 by 2035, according to the Office of National Statistics (2010). Our focus upon the needs of an ageing society has been adopted as part of the skills and knowledge development agenda in sustainable planning through the Royal Town Planning Institute (RTPI). Tools have been developed, policy informed and reformed, and our findings included in a House of Lords report on assistive technology for older people.
This case study demonstrates the impact of an inter-related body of research, undertaken by The Open University's (OU) Centre for Ageing and Biographical Studies, upon the ways in which older people experience everyday ageism, housing and design, and end-of-life care. The research has provided evidence for charities and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) seeking to shape government legislation, initiate action on age-friendly environments, and to change care practice. As a result it has helped inform the UK's Equality Act 2010, new guidance on toilets in public spaces, user-friendly extra-care housing and an exemplary training programme on end-of-life care in care homes.
The project:
Addressing Roma, Gypsy and Traveller exclusion is focused on working in partnership with local authorities and Gypsy and Traveller communities to support improvements in the development of infrastructure to enhance wellbeing and quality of life for migrant and mobile groups, demonstrating the following impact:
Over the past 15 years, research within the Nutrition and Metabolism in Health and Disease Theme has provided evidence to inform policy and practice in the nutritional care of older and nutritionally-vulnerable adults. This information has been referred to by other bodies when improving guidelines for nutritional management and care in residential or community settings. Theme members have identified key changes in nutritional status and dietary needs which occur with advancing age; these observations have contributed to the development of standards associated with nutritional, food and fluid provision for the care of vulnerable groups in hospitals and care homes in Scotland and beyond.
A key challenge for UK Government is to identify how older generations can continue to live independently in their own homes. The UK's changing demographics, recent increases in the cost of institutional care coupled with its declining availability make this a priority for policy makers. A twelve stage research programme undertaken by Professor Tinker has investigated how improved home care and assistive technologies including aids and adaptations could be employed to enable older people to remain at home longer. It examined and costed these options and provided recommendations on how they, and other specialised housing types such as sheltered housing, could be provided. Central government, local authorities and housing associations have employed her findings in revising their approaches to housing support for this rapidly growing population. Her findings have recently been employed by governments in Europe, Canada, the USA, Australia and the Far East in their reappraisals of policy on assisted living in later life.
Work by University of Stirling staff has contributed directly to improved wildlife resource management in the Central African region. Innovative research into the status and trends of key wildlife populations, ecological impacts, resource harvests and trade, drivers of resource use and assessing management success have contributed directly to new thinking on the issue, revisions of laws and policy and to success in attracting foreign aid for management issues. Stirling staff members now advise the Government of Gabon on resource management policies, National Park management and biodiversity issues.