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New criteria for the diagnosis of diabetes in pregnancy have been developed by the International Association of Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Groups and adopted by the American Diabetes Association on the basis of the Hyperglycaemia and Pregnancy Outcomes (HAPO) study. These new criteria double the percentage of women diagnosed with diabetes in pregnancy from approximately 8.5% to 17%. Appropriate management improves outcomes for them and their new born children. The results, which proved valid for all ethnic groups and countries, have led to a worldwide re-appraisal of glycaemic risk in pregnancy and the introduction of new guidelines to manage this.
This case study relates to the optimisation of endurance performance in athletes through the use of newly developed carbohydrate-based sports foods and beverages. It describes a systematic program of scientific research that resulted in major advances in our understanding of how to optimise athletic performance through nutrition. This research substantially influenced the sports nutrition guidance for athletes given by the very highest global authoritative source (i.e., International Olympic Committee Consensus Statement on Sports Nutrition [IOC]). Furthermore, the research has stimulated development of innovative food and beverage products in the sports nutrition manufacturing industry allowing the benefits of the research to reach consumers and athletes on a truly global scale.
Research into electrochemical biosensors conducted at the University of Cambridge between 1998 and 2002 led to the development of the WaveSense™ line of diabetes products by start-up, AgaMatrix. By 2012 AgaMatrix had sold 3M glucose meters & 3B biosensor test strips worldwide across 20,000+ retail locations including Boots UK, and since 2010 also globally in partnership with Sanofi. [text removed for publication] AgaMatrix UK continues to grow its business with compound annual growth rates for revenue in excess of 100%. Agamatrix UK now supplies over one million glucose test strips per month to the NHS. Agamatrix has developed >10 FDA-cleared products since 2008, including the first FDA approved smartphone linked diagnostic device.
Research undertaken at the University of Liverpool (UoL) has identified a new class of intestinal nutrient sensors that influence nutrient absorption properties of agricultural species. Specific sensor systems were stimulated by artificial sweeteners with positive effects on intestinal function and whole animal wellbeing. This work has provided the rational basis for the supplementation of animal feed with artificial sweeteners, which has led to their worldwide deployment in the diet of early-weaned piglets. This innovation has (i) improved health and survival rate of piglets by preventing post-weaning intestinal disorders, and (ii) created significant economic benefits for the animal production industry. A patent has been granted, there has been extensive collaboration with the animal feed company Pancosma, and industry is also actively investigating inclusion of sweeteners in feed for ruminants.
Metformin is now the most prescribed medication for type 2 diabetes worldwide. Pre - 1990 it received trivial use and was on the verge of withdrawal. Research at Aston (1993 - 1996) generated a new appreciation of its mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential. Aston research was reinforced with a concerted education programme for healthcare professionals, including high-profile reviews and treatment guidelines. We claim impact on health & welfare and health practitioners as Aston research has provided a foundation for improved care of type 2 diabetes patients on a global scale.