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This case study demonstrates how research into children with speech, language and communication needs (SLCN) has had impact by influencing government policy and legislation, improving provision for children and their parents, providing resources and support for voluntary organisations, and assisting local authorities and trusts in the management of SLCN services. The research informed the 2008 Bercow Review of Provision for Children with SLCN, which in turn led to the Department for Education (DfE) Better Communication Action Plan for improving educational provision. Further research by the team, carried out as part of this Action Plan, underpinned the All Party Parliamentary Group on Speech and Language Difficulties 2013 report and the development of the Children and Families Bill 2013. In addition, the team have collaborated extensively with practitioners and voluntary organisations including a comprehensive two-year DfE funded programme with the Communication Trust (2013-15) to educate and raise awareness of SLCN among its 50 constituent organisations and develop practitioners' knowledge and skills.
Criminology research by SQUIRES has changed national and European policy, practice and debate on public safety. Evidence based on the research submitted to the UK Home Affairs Select Committee influenced directly legal changes, policy guidance and policing innovations tackling gun crime and developing more effective firearms controls. For 20 years, SQUIRES' research has engaged directly with the community and inter-agency agendas in policing, firearms control and public safety, demonstrating that improvements in accountability, research evidence and effective evaluation are critical issues for gun control and (CCTV) surveillance policy. SQUIRES is a leading public academic in the field so that research, public and political engagement and impact are mutually reinforcing. The research comprises on-going critical involvement with public debate and policymaking including SQUIRES' appointment to the Association of Chief Police Officers National Advisory Committee on Criminal Use of Firearms. SQUIRES also contributed directly to the European Charter on CCTV surveillance, adopted by the EU in 2010.
Psychologists at the University of Liverpool (UoL) have made an internationally significant impact on law enforcement and associated agencies, and the emergency and security services with regards to evidence based approaches to critical and major investigations, specifically with regards to developing: (i) educational and pedagogic practices in training senior personnel; (ii) professional standards and guidelines in planning, response and recovery and (ii) evidence based decision support tools to assist in work force planning, efficiency savings and providing a clear evidence base for managing risk. These contributions span several diverse areas including criminal investigation, disaster management, public order policing, child protection and terrorism.
Healthcare-associated infections (HCAI) and antimicrobial resistance pose a constant threat to patients accessing healthcare in a range of settings. HCAI prolong recovery; delay discharge from hospital and, in extreme circumstances, cause serious disability or death. This case study describes the impact of the Epic (evidence-based practice in infection control) research programme that focuses on the translation of evidence into national infection prevention and control guidelines for the NHS. Through evaluation of initiatives to reduce the threat of HCAI and associated disability to patients, and by generating evidence to support the development of government policy, Epic has led to safer care for people during periods of health-related vulnerability, and saved lives.
We have substantially redirected anti-doping in sport by informing global education policy and practice at the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), the European Commission, UK Anti-Doping (UKAD) and UK Athletics (UKA). Work conducted on behalf of the WADA — who implement and disseminate our findings — has had a worldwide effect on the design, implementation and evaluation of anti-doping education in sport. Our global reach and influence has been achieved by creating an evidence-base of existing literature, then moving to challenge current delivery methods and to informing future anti-doping policy and practice.
Bullying occurs when pupils persist in being physically or psychologically abusive to less powerful peers. While it used to be seen as `just part of growing up' and `character-building', it is now recognised as a serious societal problem that demands attention, and schools must take active steps to combat it. Professor Boulton's research contributed to this shift and has ensured bullying continues to be taken seriously. His work has produced novel findings on the damaging psychological impact of bullying, why pupils become involved, and has guided policy and advice offered by governments in the U.K., U.S. and elsewhere, and by other national bodies (NSPCC).
Rapid response reports, commissioned from the IOE's Thomas Coram Research Unit (TCRU) by the Departments for Education and Health specifically to inform policy-making, have helped to determine the financial and practical support for disadvantaged families and children in England for more than a decade. This important series of reports has achieved impact not only by producing robust findings that government departments can rely on but by building relationships of trust and mutual understanding between national policy-makers and researchers.
Sure Start, the flagship New Labour anti-poverty initiative launched in 1999, was an area-based early intervention targeting pockets of social and economic deprivation in England. The multi- disciplinary National Evaluation of Sure Start (NESS), to which Professor Angela Anning was the central educational contributor, was the largest social science evaluation contract ever awarded in the UK. Findings were continually fed back to ministers and civil servants to inform policy and practice. Impacts (discussed below, section 4) include:
(1) systemic changes in integrated services for vulnerable families;
(2) rethinking the resourcing and funding of Children's Centres;
(3) revision of training and qualifications of early childhood staff;
(4) enhancing the role of family support and parenting projects.
This case study describes the policy and practice impacts of a series of studies by Claire Fox and colleagues on children's and young people's social and emotional wellbeing, in particular counselling provision in schools and domestic abuse prevention education. The research on the effectiveness of school counselling has been used by the Welsh Assembly to argue for a national roll-out of counselling in Welsh secondary schools. It is also being used by those responsible for commissioning counselling services in England and Northern Ireland. The research on young people and domestic abuse (DA) centres on the evaluation of a particular DA prevention programme delivered in North Staffordshire by local charity Arch. This organisation has benefited substantially from the research findings in terms of sustaining their work in schools. The research has also had a broader impact in terms of influencing UK, and European, policy on DA prevention education in schools.
The Cambridge Primary Review (CPR) produced the most comprehensive and authoritative review of English primary education since the 1960s. Combining educational research with a commission of enquiry, this major initiative produced a series of reviews and reports which received extensive coverage in the UK media, generating sustained, informed public debate about primary education with considerable impact on the thinking and activities of practitioners and policy-makers. Subsequently a national network of regional CPR centres has become a standard source for serving and trainee teachers and CPR's website has been accessed in 75% of the world's countries.