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To survive and grow in a shrinking UK market, the local engineering company SENAR set out to transform itself from a local company into one capable of winning international contracts. This required the company to make quality improvements, update skills and equipment, and develop relationships with international organizations. LJMU brought its programmes of astronomical research and instrumental development at national and international level into a symbiotic relationship with SENAR, collaborating on design and manufacture of advanced instrumentation and developing new capabilities within the company. It thereby:
For decades Jodrell Bank has been a world-leader in both radio astronomy research and public engagement with science. The Lovell Telescope in particular, whilst still remaining one of the world's foremost active research instruments, has become an icon for UK science and engineering. In this case study we show how Jodrell Bank research has had a significant impact on society, culture and creativity, including economic impacts of tourism, educational impacts from engagement with schools, and cultural and creative impacts in television, music and the arts. Our approach to delivering this impact is varied and wide-ranging but a key vehicle is the Jodrell Bank Discovery Centre. The Centre has a significant impact on the regional economy and has attracted 496,000 visitors (including 43,000 school pupils) to engage with our research over the REF period Jan 2008-Jul 2013.
We have developed enabling technologies for the defence, automotive and identification industries, the health service and the wider community where our contributions enable end users to maximise performance for a given cost. Work on Frequency Selective Surfaces (FSS) produced sub-reflectors for aerospace (BAE Systems — mm/sub-mm satellite radiometers for earth observations). Small antenna and RFID work led to new products in the automotive industry (Harada Industries), on-line fuel management systems (Timeplan Ltd), wireless smoke detectors (EMS Group), connectors (Martec), antennas (Panorama Antennas Ltd) and for Digital TV (Mitsubishi). Millimetre-wave over fibre systems linked antennas have supported the acquisition of new astronomical data, through the international ALMA (Atacama Large Millimetre Array) project, facilitating deeper public understanding of the universe.
The university's Bayfordbury Observatory is a working observatory that engages with the public via six Open Evenings and approximately 50 group visits a year, offering access to a wide range of facilities. Many of the 4,000 visitors annually report that they develop a first or renewed `enthusiasm for astronomy', or become `inspired to learn more' about what they have seen or heard from our researchers; some young people enthuse about `now wanting to be a scientist'. Science teachers taking an RCUK `cutting-edge' CPD astrophysics course also say that they have gained an `increased understanding of the subject', and `increased confidence in its delivery to pupils'.
Practical Waveform Engineering, developed at Cardiff, is having a major impact on how modern- day microwave power amplifiers are designed, delivering real competitive advantages for global communications companies such as Nokia-Siemens-Networks and M/A-COM.
Economic impact is through reduced time-to-market and lower design costs, leading to high- performance power amplifier products. Examples include $40M revenue and employment of additional staff for M/A-Com, and the successful spin-off company Mesuro Ltd., generating revenue in excess of £2.5M.
Impact on practice is through successful demonstration of new device technologies and amplifier architectures, the introduction of PWE-based CAD models, and most significantly, the introduction of the "Cardiff Model" into mainstream simulation tools.
Environmental Impact is by improving the efficiency of power amplifiers and significantly reducing the carbon contribution of mobile communications systems, translating into savings of approximately £2.5M/year and a 17 kiloton reduction in CO2 emission for a typical EU network.
This case study describes the impact of research in Design Management and Product Design carried out by the Design Research Group at the University of Northampton in embedding design competencies in a number of British companies, particularly in the Northampton region through inter-related, collaborative Knowledge Transfer Partnerships (KTPs). This case study demonstrates how the research in Product Design and Design Management has benefited companies economically in adding value to the UK economy, and as a consequence of one particular KTP, significantly improving quality of life.
Impact: Economic and societal The Millimetre Wave and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) group has developed internation-ally award-winning instrumentation, and associated components that have been produced commercially by Thomas Keating Ltd. They have also led a pio-neering public understanding programme (PUP).
Significance: Thomas Keating have developed a range of new product lines serving > 20 international customers including [text removed for publication] of recent orders. The PUP has reached ~82 000 at-tendees.
Reach: Systems have been sold internationally and PUP has developed into specific exhibitions at a range of science centres.
Attribution: The work has been led by PHYESTA Researcher Dr Graham Smith
The world's longest high capacity terrestrial commercial communications system, now deployed worldwide, was developed from Aston University's pioneering research on the concept of dispersion managed solitons. The concepts and expertise from this research were used to develop and implement the associated system design for high capacity (1Tb/s) WDM (wavelength division multiplexing) transmission over 1000s of kilometres. Commercial development was led by Prof Doran and the core team from Aston who left the University to found Marconi-Solstis, a part of Marconi plc. Prof Doran and other key members of this team have since returned to Aston The system, now owned by Ericsson, (but still called Marconi MHL3000) has current annual sales of order $100M, and employs hundreds of people worldwide.
A number of trimaran ocean-going ships, based on original designs conceived by UCL researchers, are currently in use. RV Triton, the demonstrator trimaran, is presently employed as a patrol vessel to provide Australian Customs and Border Protection with increased capability and lower fuel consumption compared to a monohull. The Independence Class of littoral combat ships currently entering service in the US Navy offers improved military capability and one-third lower fuel consumption, with the ensuing benefit of creating almost 2,000 jobs at the shipbuilder, Austal. Similarly, trimaran ferries with their inherent stability have improved passenger comfort and their reduced fuel consumption has lowered operating costs.
The National Schools' Observatory (NSO) is a web-based resource based at LJMU that gives UK and Irish schools free access to their own observations from the world's largest fully-robotic telescope — the Liverpool Telescope. Giving its participants unique and privileged access not only to the instrument itself, but also to the astronomical research carried out by the telescope, the NSO is a powerful blend of cutting-edge research, professional instrumentation and education that inspires, motivates and supports the learning of pupils of all ages and their teachers. Since its launch in 2004 the NSO has reached more than 4,000 registered UK and Irish teachers and their classes, with 60,000 sets of observations requested by schools. The NSO has been recognised by the House of Commons Science and Technology Select Committee as "so important to inspiring the next generation of scientists" [Source 1].