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This case study focuses on the construct of mind-mindedness: parents' or carers' ability to `tune in' to what their young children are thinking or feeling. Durham-based research highlighted how parental mind-mindedness is associated with a range of positive child and family outcomes, and has had impact via two main routes: (a) advice and support offered to parents (10,000 copies of the NSPCC's All Babies Count booklet and associated social media sites reaching 800,000 parents), and (b) interventions targeted to improve outcome in parents and families experiencing difficulties.
Young Lives is identifying major influences on children's development, from infancy to adulthood, by carrying out a pioneering longitudinal study across four developing countries over 15 years. Young Lives gathers and analyses data on how childhood is changing in diverse communities, especially through the impact of economic, cultural and policy shifts, by studying two age cohorts in each country. UNICEF, the World Bank, Plan International, and Save the Children International, among others, are using Young Lives research to design childhood poverty-reduction policies in the Post-2015 Development Agenda. The research also underpins the re-visioning of global child protection work by UNICEF, Save the Children Canada, and World Vision UK.
The research into the main socio-cultural causes, consequences and management of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in South Africa (undertaken by Dr Liz Walker, in collaboration with colleagues in South Africa) has had significant impact in South Africa on the development of the education and training of health and social care professionals working in the context of, and specializing in, HIV/AIDS. The programme of research has resulted in the production of an educational and training resource that is used in HEIs and other professional training settings. The educational resource is unique as it foregrounds HIV/AIDS as the context within which all health and social care practice is undertaken in Southern Africa.
Internationally, immersion is a leading cause of accidental death and the leading cause of death of sportspeople (221 of the 635 UK immersion deaths in 2012 were sports-related). The Extreme Environmental Medicine & Science Research Group (EEMSRG) publishes widely, from scientific papers to specific reports for a wide range of international end-users, including various emergency services. Our research has had global impact on (i) The protection, rescue and treatment of immersion casualties, (ii) International standards, guidelines, policies, campaigns and training manuals of those responsible for the protection, rescue and resuscitation of casualties, (iii) Raised public awareness of immersion issues.
Dr Helen Lee works with an international team on research identifying workplace risks and implementing changes to improve the well-being of a beer sellers` community in the developing country of Cambodia. Research identifying risks from HIV/AIDS (21.7%) and alcohol overuse (1.2 litres of beer nightly) has had different forms of impact: the implementation of i) an educational and industry skills training programme — Hotel Apprenticeship Program (HAP) reaching 30 women who reported changes in awareness of health risks (how HIV/AIDS is transmitted and the effect of alcohol overuse on health) and behaviour change (zero alcohol consumption and no longer engaging in indirect sex work), ii) a peer educator outreach programme reaching over 10,600 people in the Siem Reap community and iii) raising public and brewers awareness of beer sellers` health risks through websites (over 51,900 visits). In 2013 a near zero prevalence for HIV/AIDS in the target group is reported.
HIV infection rose dramatically in the Former Soviet Union (FSU) in the decade following the fall of Communism. A sustained series of EU and Soros Foundation research projects in the FSU led to an EU sponsored intervention project conducted across Georgia, with demonstrable impact on HIV awareness, knowledge and risk taking behaviours amongst adolescents in schools participating in the project. Campaign materials based on the research were further used in the first ever national television and internet campaign in this country (video downloaded more than 35,000 times), published in a popular book aimed at adolescents (distributed to 98 schools across the country), and adopted for use in nurse training and school curricula across the country. The BPS Impact Peer Review panel highlighted this work as an example of high quality applied research.
Sandy Hobbs and Jim McKechnie have been researching the issue of young people's (i.e. under 16 years of age) involvement in employment: this is usually termed child labour or child employment. The goal of this research was to establish an evidence base regarding the nature and extent of child employment in the UK, and to consider the benefits and costs of this experience for young people. The impact of this research has been to raise the level of awareness of this issue within the UK, providing an evidence base that has been used by NGOs, and evaluating policy and practice for local and national government departments in the UK and the Isle of Man.
Six million South Africans are currently infected with HIV and two million have died from AIDS- related diseases. Initially seen solely from a medical perspective, there is now recognition of social and cultural factors, such as witchcraft, that have shaped the pandemic. Niehaus's research findings, which have been disseminated beyond the academic domain, form part of a diverse body of social scientific literature on HIV/AIDS in South Africa. Niehaus's work has (i) enhanced cultural understandings; (ii) shaped public debate; (iii) contributed towards the training of health personnel; (iv) assisted the work of legal practitioners; and (v) assisted in the production of cultural artefacts.
The decline of bees, hoverflies, and other pollinators has been widely described as a "pollination crisis" (e.g. Progress Report of FAO on the Implementation of the International Pollinators Initiative - September 2012) which could have profound effects on both food security, and wild plant populations and the ecosystem services they support. Research by Professor Jeff Ollerton and colleagues into the ecology and diversity of plant-pollinator interactions has: (a) provided a scientific evidence base that has influenced national and international policies relating to the conservation of pollinator populations; (b) raised national and international public awareness of the subject of pollinator conservation; and (c) led to positive changes in UK gardening practices.
Tucker's ethnographic research on the social worlds inhabited by township `Men who have Sex with Men' (MSM), and his quantitative analysis of the associations between social and psycho- social conditions and risky sexual practices for such men, led to the development of the innovative Ukwazana HIV prevention programme — the first of its kind in Africa. Ukwazana, meaning `getting to know each other' in isiXhosa, is based across the central townships of Cape Town, and is unique in fostering partnerships with marginalised township MSM, engaging them collaboratively in HIV prevention initiatives. Based on Tucker's research findings, it is the first scheme to recognise, and tackle, social and psychosocial factors such as homophobia, depression and loss of self- esteem, which often result in risky sexual practices and related illnesses among MSM. This new approach was timely since, despite numerous previous HIV prevention campaigns aimed at township MSM, HIV prevalence for this group was three times the national average.