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Combating Interpersonal Violence

Summary of the impact

Research on combating interpersonal violence carried out by Dr Erica Bowen (Reader in the Psychology of Intimate Partner Violence) has resulted in:

  • Impact on Public Policy and Services (UK): a literature review commissioned by the Ministry of Justice has been used to develop a new prison and community domestic violence offender rehabilitation policy. In addition, Wiltshire Probation Trust funded the development of an innovative sentencing framework incorporating assessment and intervention packages for violent offenders which are now being rolled out across Wiltshire and Dorset. Beneficiaries: Ministry of Justice, National Offender Management Service (NOMS), Wiltshire Probation Trust, offenders and associated staff, and victims.
  • Impact on Public Policy and Services (Europe): a research-based serious-game intervention has changed attitudes towards both violence in adolescent relationships and the use of serious-game technology in education across Europe. Beneficiaries: Adolescents, Secondary School and College Teachers, Youth Services, Local Government Agencies, European and UN Policy Leaders, and Community Safety Organisations.

Submitting Institution

Coventry University

Unit of Assessment

Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience

Summary Impact Type

Legal

Research Subject Area(s)

Medical and Health Sciences: Public Health and Health Services
Studies In Human Society: Criminology, Social Work

Delivering better birthdays: research-based training programme makes labour and birth safer for babies and mothers across the world

Summary of the impact

As a consequence of a research-based training programme developed at the University of Bristol, the rates of perinatal hypoxia and intrapartum fetal injury in Bristol and two pilot units in Australia and the US are now among the lowest in the world. The improvements achieved in Bristol, the US and Australia have also been successfully achieved in a low resource setting in Zimbabwe.

In response to demand from maternity units across the world, the Bristol team has developed PROMPT — a PRactical Obstetric Multi-Professional Training package, which has been successfully implemented in over 20 countries worldwide. PROMPT has had a major health and welfare impact on more than a million mothers and their babies, as well as bringing substantial economic benefits and supporting international development.

Submitting Institution

University of Bristol

Unit of Assessment

Clinical Medicine

Summary Impact Type

Health

Research Subject Area(s)

Medical and Health Sciences: Nursing, Public Health and Health Services

04: Improving mental health services for people experiencing domestic violence

Summary of the impact

Domestic violence is a significant public health issue costing the UK £3.8billion for criminal and civil legal services, healthcare, social services, and housing. King's College London (KCL) research established the high prevalence of being a victim of domestic violence in people with mental disorders, which is under-detected by health professionals. This led to commissioning guidelines in England on identification of domestic violence in those with mental health problems, and care pathways for those who have experienced domestic violence. These recommendations are supported by undergraduate and postgraduate training materials for healthcare professionals based on KCL research and national and international guidance.

Submitting Institution

King's College London

Unit of Assessment

Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience

Summary Impact Type

Societal

Research Subject Area(s)

Medical and Health Sciences: Public Health and Health Services

Promoting non-physician support for maternal health in the developing world

Summary of the impact

Maternal health and mortality remains a major concern in the developing world. Research led by Prof Arri Coomarasamy and colleagues at the University of Birmingham has demonstrated the effectiveness of non-typical support for maternal health in low- and middle-income countries worldwide, focused on the benefits of bringing in traditional birth attendants and non-physician clinicians to support the slow process of developing more capacity amongst skilled birth attendants in these regions. Prior to this work, these individuals were considered unsafe and inappropriate to support births, even though they were conducting millions of deliveries in the developing world. Prof Coomarasamy's team's research clearly demonstrated that this is not the case. This has had a major impact on international thinking about the valuable role of non-physician support for maternal health and mortality, reflected in the latest World Health Organisation task-shifting recommendations. In these and other related issues, policy and public awareness has been further supported by Prof Coomarasamy's crucial role in Ammalife, an international maternal health charity focused on the developing world.

Submitting Institution

University of Birmingham

Unit of Assessment

Clinical Medicine

Summary Impact Type

Health

Research Subject Area(s)

Medical and Health Sciences: Public Health and Health Services

Strengthening the criminal justice system in respect of domestic violence, and improving the response of the police and other agencies to such abuse

Summary of the impact

National and international policy on domestic violence has been strongly influenced since 2008 by a series of studies on domestic violence conducted at the University of Bristol, resulting for example in the piloting of a national disclosure scheme. The studies have also had a positive impact on the practical ways in which agencies such as the police respond to domestic violence as well as influencing the development of a European Police handbook on domestic violence. The criminal justice system, practitioners and victims have benefited from the studies' insights into the `attrition' that can occur between the reporting of an act of domestic violence to the police and the final outcome in court. They have also gained from Bristol's work on the profiles of perpetrators and the behavioural differences between male and female perpetrators.

Submitting Institution

University of Bristol

Unit of Assessment

Social Work and Social Policy

Summary Impact Type

Societal

Research Subject Area(s)

Medical and Health Sciences: Public Health and Health Services
Studies In Human Society: Criminology, Other Studies In Human Society

2. Reducing violence to improve health; in the UK and Internationally

Summary of the impact

Our evaluation of gang member rehabilitation and violence reduction programme in Glasgow has had considerable and enduring policy impact. Scottish Government policy is built on the principals our research espouses. Homicide rates in Scotland are now at a thirty-year low. The Prime Minister and national newspapers cited the initiative as a solution after the London riots and the UK Government incorporated the ethos of this program into their policy and practice. Working jointly with the WHO, we are having impact in South Africa, Jamaica and Lithuania. For example, the Western Cape Province of South Africa has, following our involvement and for the first time, initiated a violence reduction strategy. The most important impact of our work, however, is the change it creates in young people's lives, transforming their prospects from those of a lifetime of intermittent imprisonment to one of useful and meaningful societal involvement and contribution.

Submitting Institution

University of St Andrews

Unit of Assessment

Clinical Medicine

Summary Impact Type

Societal

Research Subject Area(s)

Medical and Health Sciences: Public Health and Health Services
Studies In Human Society: Social Work

Self-management intervention for men with lower urinary tract symptoms: development, phased evaluation and global adoption

Summary of the impact

Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) in men is a chronic disease of ageing that causes significant quality of life impairment in one third of men over the age of 60. Traditional management comprises a step-up regimen of drugs and surgical interventions aimed at relieving symptoms. At UCL we conceived, developed, evaluated and implemented a self-management intervention that results in greater symptom reduction than that achieved by medication, reduction in the use of medication and of referrals to secondary care, and reduced costs. The intervention is now a global standard of care.

Submitting Institution

University College London

Unit of Assessment

Clinical Medicine

Summary Impact Type

Health

Research Subject Area(s)

Medical and Health Sciences: Clinical Sciences, Nursing, Public Health and Health Services

Screening and brief interventions reduce alcohol consumption in England

Summary of the impact

Newcastle research into practical methods to reduce alcohol-related risk and harm has underpinned national policy, including the Government's Alcohol Strategy and a National Audit Office report. This has shaped public health practice concerning alcohol across England. A UK-specific screening and brief intervention (SBI) programme was developed by Newcastle University for use by GPs and nurses in primary care. This programme, which was designed to reduce alcohol-related problems, has been widely recommended and adopted. An evidence review commissioned by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) found that the use of SBI reduces alcohol consumption, mortality, morbidity and alcohol-related injuries. Department of Health figures show that SBI provides an estimated annual healthcare saving of around £100 million.

Submitting Institution

Newcastle University

Unit of Assessment

Public Health, Health Services and Primary Care

Summary Impact Type

Health

Research Subject Area(s)

Medical and Health Sciences: Public Health and Health Services

Primary Care Referral Interventions for Health Improvement

Summary of the impact

Research undertaken by Professor Diane Crone, Professor David James and co-researchers has investigated the use of physical activity and art promotion interventions in health care, as an adjunct to treatment, to improve patient health and wellbeing. The research has had policy, practice and patient benefit. The specific areas upon which it has impacted are:

(i) Guidelines and practice for intervention development;

(ii) Professional development of health and physical activity professionals in the UK and throughout Europe;

(iii) Public and patient health and wellbeing improvements.

Submitting Institution

University of Gloucestershire

Unit of Assessment

Sport and Exercise Sciences, Leisure and Tourism

Summary Impact Type

Health

Research Subject Area(s)

Medical and Health Sciences: Public Health and Health Services

LRC (Criminal Justice)

Summary of the impact

The impact of the research has been firstly, in informing the creation of a new kind of domestic violence court and secondly, in alerting domestic and European policy-makers to the problem of women rough sleepers which was previously effectively "invisible."

Short summary of the case study

The case study emerged from research conducted by the Central Institute for the Study of Public Protection and its predecessors (Policy Research Institute and Regional Research Institute). It informed the development of specialist domestic violence courts in the UK and brought to the attention of European and domestic policy-makers the plight of victims of domestic violence many of whom find themselves compelled to sleep rough, but do so in ways that result in them remaining invisible to the authorities.

Submitting Institution

University of Wolverhampton

Unit of Assessment

Law

Summary Impact Type

Legal

Research Subject Area(s)

Medical and Health Sciences: Public Health and Health Services
Studies In Human Society: Criminology, Social Work

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