Log in
Augmented reality (AR) and physiological computing (PC) represent computing paradigms for wearable technology. Both forms may be combined to deliver Adaptive AR (A2R) where changes in psychophysiology are used to adapt digital artifacts in real-time. A number of art exhibits were created that represented A2R and were presented to the public as part of the Turning FACT Inside Out show in Liverpool. The impact of this research is evidenced by: (a) engaging the public with emerging technology, (b) influencing the strategy of an arts organisation, and (c) informing the practice of artists.
Collaboration between the Liverpool Biennial and Liverpool School of Art & Design (LSAD) has stimulated public awareness of Biennial commissioned art and enlarged its presence in the social life of the city in two ways: by extending the opportunities for local communities to participate in public art projects in the region; and by improving the opportunities to talk about and share experiences of Biennial art.
The European Union Cosmetics Directive (adopted in 2003) banned the use of animals for testing cosmetic ingredients and the final deadline for compliance was March 2013. The development of alternative methods of safety assessment was therefore essential to ensure both consumer protection and viability of the cosmetics industry. Our research has focussed on the development of computational alternatives to animal testing, including the identification of structural alerts that have been encoded into computational workflows to support toxicity prediction. These methods have delivered tools to the cosmetics industry in Europe and worldwide to enable them to comply with the directive and develop new products. Our findings have also been used to inform thinking and policy in Europe and to develop a new approach to the safety assessment of cosmetics.
The research addresses the need of the British Co-operative Group and its members across the UK for a stronger understanding of the development of the business model of co-operation in Britain, the importance of democracy in the governance and direction of the organisation and in adapting the model to future challenges. The project's findings are being used in the education of elected member officials who form the democratic bodies which govern the Co-operative Group, and employees who work for the organisation. Learning has focussed on the heritage of the co-operative movement and the development of the Co-operative Group's business model. It enhances the effectiveness of member democracy by increasing knowledge of the organization's development and democratic traditions.
This case study concerns research in the fields of fire prevention and community safety. A novel causal factor model of accidental dwelling fire risk was developed and incorporated into a geographical information system for fire prevention management, which has been used by Merseyside Fire and Rescue Service (MF&RS) to support delivery of fire prevention activities within the region since 2010.
In addition, a novel customer segmentation approach was developed to provide an enhanced understanding of at-risk social groups in terms of combined fire risk, health risk, social care risk, and crime risk. This formed the basis for further analysis of causal factors within the same geographical area, enabling the deployment of yet more accurate targeting of fire prevention resources.
The impact of the research has been the adoption of the approach as a form of best practice to improve targeting of fire prevention activities, which is a contributing factor to the observed reduction in fire incidence. This was associated with a reduction in accidental dwelling fires by approximately 12% (163 incidents) observed across Merseyside between 2009/10 and 2012/13.
The Operator Functional State (OFS) describes the psychological capacity of an operator to deliver safe and effective performance. Expertise in OFS theory and methodology was developed at LJMU via studies of driving behaviour and aviation control. When the European Space Agency wished to prioritise issues surrounding OFS in the context of space exploration, they recruited an expert from LJMU. The resulting discussion led to the identification of key issues to maintain operational skill and reduce accident likelihood during long duration space missions. The expertise developed at LJMU has influenced the European programme for space exploration over the coming decade.
The emergence of China as a global actor has attracted enormos attention from academics, policy-makers, journalists and business leaders. The outside world knows little about the perceptions of China's policy elites and their internal debates. By offering an in-depth, systematic and theoretically grounded analysis of Chinese discourse, this research has revitalised the on-going academic and policy debate on the nature and repercussions of China's ascendency. Key findings of the research have been used to stimulate debate at the highest level in governments and diplomatic circles on how best to respond to the changing security environment in the Asia-Pacific region and the rise of China as a global actor in particular. Dr Rex Li has been regularly invited to offer his analyses and insights at policy discussion meetings at leading UK foreign and security policy think-tanks attended by experts and officials of the Foreign Office and the Ministry of Defence.
Using high-k dielectric enables the Flash memory industry to develop sub-28-nm products, but the high density of defects in high-k dielectric is a major challenge for product qualification, since the existing characterisation techniques are not suitable. The new pulse techniques, developed by the Microelectronics Research Group (RG1), overcome this challenge and have been extensively used by the Memory Devices Consortium (including Intel, Micron and Samsung) at IMEC (the Inter-University Microelectronics Research Centre in Leuven, Belgium) for the development of new Flash memory products in this REF period. This benefits the global Flash memory industry by providing guidance for material selection, process screening, device structure optimisation, and qualification procedure improvement.
Carrier mobility is a key parameter for the semiconductor industry, but its measurement is characterised by poor accuracy and unreliability for advanced transistors. The Microelectronics Research Group (RG1), working with the Logic Devices Consortium at IMEC (Inter-University Microelectronics Research Centre in Leuven, Belgium), developed a new technique that overcomes these problems, implemented it on industrial-standard equipment provided by Keithley Instruments (a US company based in Cleveland, Ohio), and prepared the application notes and software. This benefits test engineers in the semiconductor industry through significant improvement in the accuracy, reliability, cost, and efficiency of measurements. Keithley is disseminating information to its global customer base and is highlighting it as strength of its instruments in the promotion.
Work and tool temperature are major issues in abrasive machining. Cooling fluids, usually oil based, are used to control these temperatures. This research aimed to achieve much more effective use of coolant. The established industrial practice was to use very high volumes of oil, under very high pressures. This is an expensive and environmentally unfriendly approach. This research improved coolant flow quality by improving nozzle design and established the underlying physics to improve penetration of coolant into the cutting zone. It then went on to show that it was not only possible, but sometimes it may actually be beneficial, to dramatically reduce coolant flow volume by a factor of up to 20,000. Before industry would adopt these ideas it was necessary to have firm scientific evidence of their validity. This research by the General Engineering Research Institute (GERI) provided that foundation and has led to successful adoption by industry, which has in turn led to both economic and environmental impact. This case study will evidence industrial take-up via specific examples and shows that GERI's research in this area has had a global impact on the training of industrial engineers employing the grinding process.