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Loughborough University's (LU) interdisciplinary model based systems engineering (MBSE) research (2001-2010) has directly enabled life-saving operations by i) Developing synthetic vision systems to improve the safety of emergency services helicopter operations involving low level flight during day, night, all weather and conditions of zero visibility, and ii) Saving lives through a reduction in morbidity and mortality of babies born with congenital heart defects.
The impact translates directly into significant cost savings and safety risk reductions in expensive flight trials costing millions of pounds by BAE Systems [5.1], and in supporting clinical practice/surgical interventions by University Hospital of Rennes [5.2] with a reduction in the morbidity and mortality of babies born with congenital heart defects in Brittany, France.
The development of unique computer simulation tools has profoundly influenced the design and manufacture of silicon chips fuelling the $300 billion per year semiconductor industry. A pioneer of statistical variability research, Professor Asen Asenov developed understanding and awareness of statistical variability in the nanoscale transistors which make up all silicon chips. Gold Standard Simulations (GSS) was created in 2010 and by 2012-13 had grown revenue from services and licensing to $1million. GSS tools are currently used in foundries providing 75% of all semiconductor production for fabless design companies globally. For example, working with GSS and their simulation tools has reduced the development time for IBM's next generation of CMOS technology by 1 year, representing significant savings in the 3-5 year technology development cycle.
Fluid modelling approaches devised by the Materials and Engineering Research Institute's (MERI's) materials and fluid flow modelling group have impacted on industrial partners, research professionals and outreach recipients. This case study focuses on economic impacts arising from improved understanding which this modelling work has given of commercial products and processes. These include: metal particulate decontamination methods developed by the UK small company Fluid Maintenance Solutions; liquid crystal devices (LCDs) manufactured by the UK SME ZBD Displays; and an ink-droplet dispenser module originally invented at the multinational Kodak. Additionally, the modelling group's computer simulation algorithms have been adopted by industrial research professionals and made available via STFC Daresbury's internationally distributed software package DL_MESO. Finally, the group has developed, presented and disseminated simulation-based materials and visualisations at major public understanding of science (PUS) events.
Optimisation tools developed in the UoA have significantly advanced the ability to find the best designs for complex systems in cases where these were previously unobtainable. These optimisation tools have been implemented in several companies to shorten design times, reduce costs and reduce CO2 emissions. This has brought about new multi-million pound revenues, long-term contracts, increased employment and contribution to sustainability targets.
Publically and industrially funded research at Loughborough University into the simulation, monitoring and control of electronics soldering has had significant impact in the development of new software and hardware technologies, which have delivered substantial commercial and economic benefits, with examples cited for at least two leading companies. One key commercial product is a modelling tool that optimizes reflow oven settings quickly, easily and accurately. It optimises oven settings each time a new product or solder paste is introduced, reducing set up times and scrap levels. More than 700 systems per year continue to be sold, with 90% exported.
This case study describes the international impact of research in the computer modelling and simulation of automotive and aerospace crashes, undertaken by Professor Blundell. The main impacts arising from the research can be summarised as:
Economic impact and impact on passenger safety: i) our research has led to improvements in the MADYMO software suite, the `industry standard' software for safety design and virtual crash testing, which is produced by TNO Automotive Safety Solutions (TASS) and sold to all the main equipment manufacturers in the automotive and aerospace sectors ii) our research has reduced the costs of these equipment manufacturers, who can simulate a crash rather than undertake expensive, physical, crash tests iii) by improving MADYMO, our research has had an impact on passengers who are now travelling in cars and aircraft which safer as a result of MADYNO's enhanced capabilities.
Impact on practitioners and professional services: through working with Blundell and his group, Autoflug GmbH has learned how to incorporate advanced simulation into its product development process. The work has also transferred practices from the automotive sector into aviation. Blundell's research has helped to introduce manufacturers and European regulators to new methods to design safety systems to helicopters, an area previously underdeveloped as an area in aviation occupant crash protection.
Beneficiaries include Autoflug GmbH, TASS and its customers, and European aviation regulators.
Research conducted at Warwick Business School (WBS), in collaboration with Warwick Medical School and Warwick Manufacturing Group, has provided new models and techniques for understanding and improving hospital processes and has been adopted by four NHS Trusts in England, informing their services and professional practice as well as enabling more efficient decision making. Research findings have been used to develop the SimLean concept, a simulation approach for use in hospitals. SimLean was developed in order to educate healthcare staff about lean principles and has been adopted commercially by the global company Simul8 as a platform for further development. Significantly, this research has also informed the national strategy for service improvement in the NHS.
Using powertrain system models arising from QUB research Wrightbus Ltd developed an advanced eco-friendly hybrid diesel-electric bus which won the New Bus for London contract worth £230M supplying 600 buses to Transport for London (commencing August 2012).
Demonstrating highly significant economic and environmental impacts the bus has twice the fuel economy of a standard diesel and emits less than half the CO2 and NOx. The full fleet reduces annual CO2 emissions in London by 230,000 tonnes, improving air quality and reducing greenhouse gases.
The company continues to develop the technology in new hybrid vehicles reaching worldwide, including USA, Hong Kong, Singapore and China.
Multinational companies [text removed for publication] have saved more than 20,000 tonnes of plastic and $10M in less than 4 years, using QUB technology to develop their innovative lightweight plastic bottles.
This has created both economic and environmental impact through the savings in material, transport and energy costs and a reduction in CO2 usage. For example the [text removed for publication] showed savings per year of €3M and 1800 tonnes of plastic and a reduction of CO2 of 800 tonnes/year.
A spin-out company, built on this technology, was created in 2012 and is actively selling process instrumentation (THERMOscan) to both USA and EU customers enabling them to make further reductions in material and energy usage. The product won a clean energy award in 2011.
Effective industrial design and simulation require efficient and versatile computing systems. As a result of research performed by our team experienced in High Performance Computing (HPC), novel software structures and aligned hardware architectures have led to significant benefits to the energy supply industry and to microprocessor manufacturers.
As a result of our research with supercomputing, simulation times for electric field patterns in power components have reduced more than 30-fold, with accurate complex 3-D outputs for an increased range of configurations, thereby enabling our partner company to achieve results not possible with commercial software and to reduce product development costs by $0.5M - $5M p.a.
Our research has been incorporated by Intel into their numerical libraries and now made available to the general public supported by their latest processor architectures. Intel now has a 82% share of processors, according to the November 2013 Top500 list.